The Museum's rich holdings contain some 70% of textile-made items. Due to their organic origin, they are subject to rapid decay, which is why their preservation, maintenance, and proper exhibition is of outmost importance. After an item's condition has been established, it is mechanically cleaned from dust that has been deposited on it, being one among the principal causes of textile fibre decay. After that, it is either washed or dry cleaned.

The choice of restauuration/conservation procedure depends on the type of damage. The item needs to be revitalized as successfully as possible. Textile restauration requires a good knowledge of textile raw materials, as well as of weaving and embroidery techniques. The final touch is ironing, i.e., in case of folk costumes - folding.